Understanding Trauma
Understanding Trauma & Trauma-Informed Care (TIC)
What is Trauma?
Trauma is a psychological and emotional response to extremely distressing events such as violence, abuse, natural disasters, serious accidents, or the loss of a loved one.
It can affect thoughts, emotions, behavior, and physical well-being, sometimes leading to conditions like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, or depression.
Types of Traumas:
- Acute Trauma – Results from a single distressing event (e.g., accident, assault).
- Chronic Trauma – Results from prolonged exposure to distress (e.g., domestic abuse, war).
- Complex Trauma – Involves multiple traumatic experiences, often in interpersonal relationships.
Trauma-Informed Care (TIC)
What is TIC?
TIC shifts the focus from “What’s wrong with you?” to “What happened to you?” It aims to minimize re-traumatization while promoting safety, trust, and healing.
Key TIC Principles:
- Safety – Creating a physically and emotionally secure environment.
- Trust & Transparency – Clear, reliable communication.
- Peer Support – Encouraging connections with supportive individuals.
- Collaboration & Choice – Valuing joint decision-making.
- Empowerment – Supporting self-advocacy and autonomy.
- Cultural Sensitivity – Understanding diverse backgrounds and experiences.
TIC & Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD):
People with ASD may be more vulnerable to trauma due to sensory sensitivities, communication challenges, and difficulty regulating emotions. TIC helps create a structured, supportive environment where distress is recognized and addressed with compassionate care.
Support Strategies:
- Use visual schedules and social stories to facilitate transitions.
- Provide quiet spaces and sensory accommodations for regulation. Promote trust through consistency and clear expectations.
- Offer choices to enhance a sense of control.
Written by: Marwan Diab, Support Approach Consultant
